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Introduction to Distributed Control System (DCS)
- Categories:Nuclear power knowledge
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- Time of issue:2012-08-28
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(Summary description)Speaking of DCS, I believe you may not be too unfamiliar, because we will deal with DCS every day in the future. I take this opportunity to sort out the functions and development of DCS and share and learn with you.
Introduction to Distributed Control System (DCS)
(Summary description)Speaking of DCS, I believe you may not be too unfamiliar, because we will deal with DCS every day in the future. I take this opportunity to sort out the functions and development of DCS and share and learn with you.
- Categories:Nuclear power knowledge
- Author:
- Origin:
- Time of issue:2012-08-28 13:10
- Views:
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Speaking of DCS, I believe you may not be too unfamiliar, because we will deal with DCS every day in the future. I take this opportunity to sort out the functions and development of DCS and share and learn with you.
DCS, the so-called distributed control system, or in some materials called the distributed system, is a new type of computer control system compared to the centralized control system. It is the basis of the centralized control system Developed and evolved from above. In terms of system function, the difference between DCS and centralized control system is not big, but the realization method of system function is completely different.
First of all, the skeleton of DCS——system network, which is the foundation and core of DCS. Since the network plays a decisive role in the real-time, reliability and scalability of the entire DCS system, all manufacturers have carefully designed this aspect. For the DCS system network, it must meet the real-time requirements, that is, complete the transmission of information within a certain time limit. The time limit of "determining" mentioned here means that the information transmission can be completed within this time limit under any circumstances, and this time limit is determined according to the real-time requirements of the controlled process. Therefore, the index to measure system network performance is not the network speed, which is commonly referred to as bits per second (bps), but the real-time nature of the system network, that is, how long it takes to ensure the completion of the transmission of the required information . The system network must also be very reliable. The network communication cannot be interrupted under any circumstances. Therefore, most manufacturers' DCS adopt a dual-bus, ring or dual-star network topology. In order to meet the requirements of system scalability, the maximum number of nodes that can be accessed on the system network should be several times larger than the number of nodes actually used. In this way, on the one hand, new nodes can be added at any time, and on the other hand, the system network can be operated in a lighter communication load state to ensure the real-time performance and reliability of the system. In the actual operation process of the system, the Internet and offline of each node may occur at any time, especially the operator station. In this way, the network reconstruction will be carried out frequently, and this kind of operation must not affect the normal operation of the system. Therefore, the system The network should have a strong online network reconstruction function.
Secondly, this is a network node that completely processes on-site I/O and realizes direct digital control (DOS) functions. Generally, a field I/O control station should be set up in a set of DCS to share the I/O and control functions of the entire system. In this way, the failure of the entire system due to a site failure can be avoided, and the reliability of the system can be improved, and the data collection and control functions can be shared by each site, which is beneficial to improve the performance of the entire system. The operator station of DCS is a network node that handles all HMI-Human Machine Interface (HMI-Human Machine Interface or operator interface) functions related to running operations.
The system network is the engineer station of DCS. It is a network node for offline configuration, configuration work and online system supervision, control and maintenance of DCS. Its main function is to provide configuration and configuration work for DCS. Tool software (ie configuration software), and real-time monitoring of the operation of each node on the DCS network when the DCS is running online, so that the system engineer can adjust the system configuration and some system parameter settings in time through the engineer station, so that the DCS can be at any time Under the best working condition. Different from the centralized control system, all DCS require system configuration function. It can be said that a system without system configuration function cannot be called DCS.
DCS has gone through more than 20 years of development since it came out in 1975. In the past two decades, although DCS has not undergone major changes in the system structure, its functions and performance have been greatly improved through continuous development and improvement. In general, DCS is developing in the direction of being more open, more standardized, and more productized.
The meaning of the current computer control system has been greatly expanded. It not only includes all the content contained in the DCS in the past, but also goes down to every measuring equipment and actuator on site, and develops up to production management. All aspects of business operations. DCS in the traditional sense now only refers to the automation of this part of the production process control, while the concept of industrial automation system should be positioned as a comprehensive solution for the enterprise. Only from this perspective can problems be raised and solved, can computer automation be truly started. To its due role.
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